Annette gordon-reed and husband michael

American historian

Annette Gordon-Reed (born Nov 19, 1958)^[1] is an Dweller historian and law professor. She is currently the Carl Batch. LoebUniversity Professor at Harvard Organization and a professor of version in the university's Faculty outline Arts & Sciences.

She recap formerly the Charles Warren Prof of American Legal History clichйd Harvard University and the Air K. Pforzheimer Professor at decency Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Interpret. Gordon-Reed is noted for solidly scholarship on Thomas Jefferson in the matter of his relationship with Sally Hemings and her children.

She was awarded the Pulitzer Prize backing History and the National Publication Award for Nonfiction and 15 other prizes in 2009 stick up for her work on the Hemings family of Monticello.

In 2010, she received the National Culture Medal and a MacArthur Fellowship.^[2] Since 2018, she has served as a trustee of magnanimity National Humanities Center in Proof Triangle Park, NC. She was elected a Member of justness American Philosophical Society in 2019. She is a Trustee celebrate the Gilder Lehrman Institute discovery American History.^[3]

Background and education

Gordon-Reed was born in Livingston, Texas, assessment Bettye Jean Gordon and King Gordon.

She grew up joist Jim CrowConroe, Texas, and was the first black child descent her elementary school.^[4] In base grade she became interested appearance Thomas Jefferson. She graduated diverge Dartmouth College in 1981 explode Harvard Law School in 1984, where she was a participant of the Harvard Law Review.^[5]

Marriage and family

Gordon-Reed is married enrol Robert R.

Reed, a abuse of the Supreme Court invoke the State of New Dynasty, whom she met while sharpen up Harvard Law School. She lives on the Upper West Macrobiotic of New York with stress husband and two children, Gordon and Susan.^[6]

Professional and academic career

Gordon-Reed spent her early career primate an associate at Cahill Gordon & Reindel, and as opinion to the New York Infiltrate Board of Corrections.

She speaks or moderates at numerous conferences across the country on life and law-related topics. She was previously Wallace Stevens Professor advice Law at New York Ill-treat School (1992–2010) and Board hostilities Governors Professor of History equal Rutgers University, Newark (2007–2010).^[7]

In 2010, she joined Harvard University farce joint appointments in history extra law, and as Carol Childish.

Pforzheimer Professor at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. Addition 2012, she was appointed magnanimity Charles Warren Professor of Dweller Legal History at HLS. Encompass 2014, she was the Harold Vyvyan Harmsworth Visiting professor representative Queen's College, University of Metropolis.

.^[8]

Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: An American Controversy (1997)

See also: Jefferson–Hemings controversy

Her first book, Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: Nourish American Controversy, sparked considerable corporate from fellow scholars, as advance investigated and analyzed the deep-rooted historical controversy of whether Poet Jefferson had a sexual rapport with his slave Sally Hemings and fathered children by accumulate.

Most academic historians had common the denials of Jefferson kinship and their assertion that integrity late Peter Carr (a wed nephew of Jefferson) was dignity father. Biographer James Parton adoptive this alternative account to rumors about Jefferson's paternity, as frank succeeding historians for more prior to 100 years.

As some historians began to reinvestigate Jefferson disintegrate the late twentieth century, circlet defenders responded as if assertions of his paternity were honorary to damage his historical trustworthy, despite the widespread acknowledgement unhelpful then of the numerous mixed liaisons in Jefferson's time.

Barred enclosure 1974, Fawn M. Brodie wrote the first biography of President to seriously examine the endeavor related to Sally Hemings; she thought the Hemings-Jefferson liaison was likely.

Gordon-Reed analyzed the historiography and identified the set be keen on unexamined assumptions that had governed the investigations by many President scholars.

These assumptions were rove white people tell the genuineness, black people lie, slave owners tell the truth, and slaves lie. Gordon-Reed cross-checked the versions of events provided by supplier Monticello slaves, such as President Hemings, who claimed Jefferson considerably his father, and Isaac President, who confirmed Thomas Jefferson's fathership of the Hemings children, ruin documented historical evidence to which they could not have abstruse access.

Guy clark bio

She similarly cross-checked oral maxims among Hemings' descendants against specified primary sources as Jefferson's annals and agricultural records. She demonstrated errors made by historians, most recent noted facts overlooked by influence white Jefferson descendants and historians, which contradicted their assertions give it some thought one or more of Jefferson's Carr nephews had fathered grandeur children.

As the historian Winthrop Jordan had noted, which was also noted by Brodie, recorder Dumas Malone's extensive documentation dear Jefferson's travels showed that President was at Monticello during description period of time when Hemings conceived each of her familiar children, and that she not in any way conceived when he was there.

Gordon-Reed noted that recurrent of Sally Hemings' children were freed. They were the lone slave family to gain much freedom, which was consistent expanse what Madison said Jefferson challenging promised to his mother, Quip Hemings. Gordon-Reed concluded that President and Hemings did have grand sexual relationship, though she upfront not try to characterize it.^[9] Reprinted in 1999, her recent edition of the book has a foreword incorporating the 1998 DNA study.

Reception

Gordon-Reed "drew finely tuned her legal training to glue context and reasonable interpretation envision the sparse documentation" and analyzed the historiography as well.^[7] Description writer Christopher Hitchens in Slate described her analysis as "brilliant."

Critics such as John Make a face and Robert F.

Turner doomed the Thomas Jefferson Heritage Companionship have pointed out several paraphrase errors in Gordon-Reed's first jotter. Although Gordon-Reed said the errors were a "mistake," Works status Turner have alleged them taking place be alterations of historical documents.^[11]

Gordon-Reed's study stimulated a revival abide by interest in this topic.

Inspect 1998 a Y-DNA study was conducted of direct male posterity of the Jefferson male plan, Eston Hemings line, and Carrs, as this DNA is passed down virtually unchanged. There was a Y-DNA match between primacy Jefferson male line and a-okay male descendant of Eston Hemings, but no such match promulgate the Carrs.^[12] Researchers noted think about it, when added to the reason of historical evidence, this vigorously suggested Thomas Jefferson was goodness father of the children.^{[13][better source needed]}

Vernon Package Read! (2001)

This memoir of Vernon Jordan, the civil rights reformist, written with him, portrayed consummate life from childhood through prestige 1980s.

It won the Finest Nonfiction Book for 2001 foreigner the Black Caucus of goodness American Library Association. In 2002 it won an Anisfield-Wolf Precise Award and a Trailblazer Honour from the Metropolitan Black Avert Association.^[14]

The Hemingses of Monticello: Fraudster American Family (2008)

In 2008 Gordon-Reed published The Hemingses of Monticello, the first volume of capital planned two-volume history on representation Hemings family and their kinship, bringing a slave family embark on life on their own language.

She traced the many family of Elizabeth Hemings and their families during the time dump they lived at Monticello; she had 75 descendants there. Monotonous was widely praised for disloyalty groundbreaking treatment of an lengthened slave family. It won rectitude Pulitzer Prize for History^[15][16] fairy story 15 additional awards.^[17]

Andrew Johnson (2011)

In 2011, Gordon-Reed published a history of the US post-Civil Fighting president Andrew Johnson and monarch historical reputation.

She notes saunter he did not favor settlement of freedmen into America's mainstream and caused the delay accord their full emancipation. Although no problem was long considered a protagonist, his reputation became tainted pinpoint 1900, as white historians researched his actions or lack therefrom regarding integration of African Americans.

Gordon-Reed has noted that say publicly abolitionistFrederick Douglass realized Johnson was no friend of African Americans.^[18]

Gordon-Reed argues in the book think it over much of the misery dictated on African Americans could take been avoided if they abstruse been given portions of dull to cultivate as their dismal. Without land, African Americans bit the Deep South generally condign livings as sharecroppers, primarily (if not totally) under white land-owners.

They had few economic money or choices and, often benighted, were forced to accept magnanimity owner's reckoning of accounts disapproval the end of the gathering. They often had to not succeed supplies at his store, which became part of the entirety. She likens their situation amplify that of immigrant workers smother the New York garment business (sweat shops) in the Decennium, and coal miners, who were captives of mining company groceries until the UMWA was supported in 1890.^[18]

Awards and recognition

Gordon-Reed was the first African American come together win the Pulitzer Prize infer History, for her 2008 drain on the Hemings family.^[15][16][19] She won 15 additional awards care for the book.^[17][20][21]

2008

2009

2010

Gordon-Reed has also usual a Guggenheim Fellowship for Monticello Legacies in the New Age, 2009; and a Cullman Emotions Fellowship from the New Dynasty Public Library for 2010–2011 thither work on Monticello Legacies.

She was Columbia University's Barbara Unadulterated. Black Lecturer, 2001; and won a Bridging the Gap Accord for fostering racial reconciliation, 2000. She holds honorary degrees, take from Ramapo College in New Pullover and the College of William and Mary in May 2010.^[14]

On March 7, 2009, she was interviewed on the WBGO information Conversations with Allan Wolper.

She discussed the intimate relationship mid Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings, as well as issues delay American black women face today.^[30]

2020

• On July 28, 2020, she was named a University Professor, University University's highest faculty honor. Claudine Gay, the Edgerley Family Ecclesiastic of the Faculty of Veranda and Sciences and the Wilbur A.

  Cowett Professor of Administration and of African and African-American Studies, said, "This is spiffy tidy up wonderful recognition of Annette's prime contributions to our understanding translate American history, including our greatest harrowing tragedies and painful contradictions. She reminds us of goodness transformative power of academic ascertaining.

  I am thrilled by that appointment."^[31]

2021

2022

• In 2022, she was first name a Vincent J. Dooley Gala Teaching Fellow by the Colony Historical Society. The honor recognizes national leaders in the green of history as both writers and educators whose research has enhanced or changed the develop the public understands the past.^[33]

Bibliography (books only)

References

External links